South Korean Lawmakers Push to Impeach President Yoon Suk Yeol Amid Martial Law Controversy

n a dramatic political twist, South Korea’s opposition parties have initiated impeachment proceedings against President Yoon Suk Yeol following his controversial attempt to impose martial law. On December 3, 2024, Yoon declared martial law in an unscheduled national broadcast, citing the need to eliminate “anti-state forces” and restore national stability. The move triggered widespread backlash, with lawmakers from six opposition parties filing an impeachment motion the next day.

Constitutional Crisis Unfolds

Yoon’s declaration of martial law—unprecedented since South Korea’s democratization in the 1980s—was met with swift rejection by the opposition-controlled National Assembly. Troops deployed to secure the parliament were ordered to stand down after intense public and political pressure. Opposition leader Lee Jae-myung labeled Yoon’s actions a “clear act of treason,” warning that the president could provoke conflict with North Korea if unchecked.

Cho Kuk, an opposition party leader, accused Yoon of placing South Korea in jeopardy, calling for his immediate arrest on charges of treason. “He must be impeached to protect the nation,” Cho declared.

Economic Turmoil and International Reaction

The political unrest has shaken financial markets, with the South Korean won initially plummeting against the dollar before stabilizing after Yoon rescinded the martial law order. The Bank of Korea convened an emergency meeting, pledging “unlimited” liquidity support to calm market volatility.

The U.S., a key ally, welcomed Yoon’s reversal. Secretary of State Antony Blinken emphasized the importance of resolving political disputes peacefully, reaffirming U.S. support for democratic principles.

Impeachment Vote Looms

The impeachment motion will be debated in parliament, with a vote expected by the weekend. If passed by a two-thirds majority in the 300-member National Assembly, Yoon would be suspended from office, pending a ruling from South Korea’s Constitutional Court. A new presidential election would be required within 60 days if Yoon is removed from office.

The situation remains fluid, with public protests likely to intensify if the impeachment vote falters. The outcome will determine the future of Yoon’s presidency and the stability of Asia’s fourth-largest economy.

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